<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0"
	xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
	xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/"
	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"
	xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/"
	xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/"
	>

<channel>
	<title>Engr. F. Azam</title>
	<atom:link href="http://fazam.wordpress.com/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com</link>
	<description>An Internet Professional - Dedicated for SEO and Open Source Community</description>
	<pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2008 21:54:29 +0000</pubDate>
	<generator>http://wordpress.org/?v=MU</generator>
	<language>en</language>
	<sy:updatePeriod>hourly</sy:updatePeriod>
	<sy:updateFrequency>1</sy:updateFrequency>
			<item>
		<title>Welcome to The Pampered Pup (Dog Accessories)</title>
		<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2008/03/18/welcome-to-the-pampered-pup-com/</link>
		<comments>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2008/03/18/welcome-to-the-pampered-pup-com/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Mar 2008 19:37:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Engr. F. Azam</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Pampered Pup .com]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fazam.wordpress.com/?p=27</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Our goal is simple: To provide the best selection of specialty dog products including, dog collars, dog beds, dog carriers, dog treats, dog toys, and many more unique dog accessories. http://www.thepamperedpup.com/
At The Pampered Pup .com you&#8217;ll discover that we dedicate a tremendous amount of resources to product research so that we can deliver the finest [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p>Our goal is simple: To provide the best selection of specialty dog products including, dog collars, dog beds, dog carriers, dog treats, dog toys, and many more unique dog accessories. <a title="dog clothes, dog clothes, dog clothes" href="http://www.thepamperedpup.com/" target="_blank">http://www.thepamperedpup.com/</a></p>
<p>At The Pampered Pup .com you&#8217;ll discover that we dedicate a tremendous amount of resources to product research so that we can deliver the finest collection of merchandise found anywhere on-line.  Whether you are searching for a fancy dog collar or an Italian cashmere sweater for your favorite friend you can be sure that each item receives our stamp of approval. <a title="dog clothes, dog clothes, dog clothes" href="http://www.thepamperedpup.com/" target="_blank">http://www.thepamperedpup.com/</a></p>
<p>We&#8217;ve been selling high end dog accessories since our pilot store opened in 2002.  Since that point we have opened additional locations and launched the internets most recognizable website.  The Pampered Pup, is truly a name that stands out in the pet industry.  An exclusive list of celebrity clientele and the worlds biggest pet enthusiasts have been gracious enough to shop in our boutiques and on our website.  We are infinitely thankful for every relationship that has been forged through our mutual love for dogs. <a title="dog clothes, dog clothes, dog clothes" href="http://www.thepamperedpup.com/" target="_blank">http://www.thepamperedpup.com/</a></p>
<p>At The Pampered Pup .com we also pride ourselves in the informative and fun content that can be found throughout the pages of our whimsical site.  Hound Dog Horoscopes, The Pampered Pup Pointer, Pet of the Month Contest, and Birthday Greetings are updated monthly to provide our visitors with more than just the simple shopping experience.</p>
<p>Thank you for visiting The Pampered Pup .com.  We look forward to the opportunity of developing a long standing relationship with you. <a title="dog clothes, dog clothes, dog clothes" href="http://www.thepamperedpup.com/" target="_blank">http://www.thepamperedpup.com/</a></p>
<p>Try:  <a href="http://www.payoneer.com/" target="_blank">http://www.payoneer.com/</a></p>
<img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/categories/fazam.wordpress.com/27/" /> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/tags/fazam.wordpress.com/27/" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/fazam.wordpress.com/27/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/fazam.wordpress.com/27/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/fazam.wordpress.com/27/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/fazam.wordpress.com/27/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/fazam.wordpress.com/27/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/fazam.wordpress.com/27/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/fazam.wordpress.com/27/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/fazam.wordpress.com/27/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/fazam.wordpress.com/27/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/fazam.wordpress.com/27/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=fazam.wordpress.com&blog=1246604&post=27&subd=fazam&ref=&feed=1" /></div>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2008/03/18/welcome-to-the-pampered-pup-com/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
	
		<media:content url="http://a.wordpress.com/avatar/fazam-128.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Lemon</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Human Rights</title>
		<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2008/01/24/human-rights/</link>
		<comments>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2008/01/24/human-rights/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 23 Jan 2008 19:56:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Engr. F. Azam</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Human Rights]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fazam.wordpress.com/2008/01/24/human-rights/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Summary of International and U.S. Law ProhibitingTorture and Other Ill-treatment of Persons in
Custody

Last Updated May 24, 2004

International and U.S. law prohibits torture and other ill-treatment of any person in custody in all circumstances. The prohibition applies to the United States during times of peace, armed conflict, or a state of emergency. Any person, whether a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><h1 class="headline" align="left">Summary of International and U.S. Law ProhibitingTorture and Other Ill-treatment of Persons in</p>
<p>Custody</h1>
<div align="left"></div>
<h2 class="subhead" align="left">Last Updated May 24, 2004</h2>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">International and U.S. law prohibits torture and other ill-treatment of any person in custody in all circumstances. The prohibition applies to the United States during times of peace, armed conflict, or a state of emergency. Any person, whether a U.S. national or a non-citizen, is protected. It is irrelevant whether the detainee is determined to be a prisoner-of-war, a protected person, or a so-called “security detainee” or “unlawful combatant.” And the prohibition is in effect within the territory of the United States or any place anywhere U.S. authorities have control over a person. In short, the prohibition against torture and ill-treatment is absolute.</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">The following summary sets out the major international legal obligations of the United States and various legal bases by which U.S. officials, military personnel and others could be prosecuted for torture or other mistreatment of persons held at U.S. military and intelligence detention facilities. Included are web links to the cited international conventions and federal statutes.</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left"><b>I.  International Humanitarian Law and the Geneva Conventions</b></p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">The primary source of international humanitarian law (also called the laws of war) is the four <a href="http://www.icrc.org/ihl.nsf/CONVART?OpenView">Geneva Conventions of 1949</a>, which the United States ratified in 1955. The Third Geneva Convention concerns prisoners-of-war; the Fourth Geneva Convention safeguards so-called “protected persons,” most simply described as detained civilians. Detainees must at all times be humanely treated (Geneva III, art. 13, Geneva IV, art. 27). Detainees may be questioned, but any form of “physical or mental coercion” is prohibited (Geneva III, art. 17; Geneva IV, art. 31). Women shall be protected from rape and any form of indecent assault (Geneva IV, art. 27).</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">Torture or inhuman treatment of prisoners-of-war (Geneva III, arts. 17 &amp; 87) or protected persons (Geneva IV, art. 32) are grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions, and are considered war crimes (Geneva III, art. 130; Geneva IV, art. 147). War crimes create an obligation on any state to prosecute the alleged perpetrators or turn them over to another state for prosecution. This obligation applies regardless of the nationality of the perpetrator, the nationality of the victim or the place where the act of torture or inhuman treatment was committed (Geneva III, art.129; Geneva IV, art. 146).</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">Detainees in an armed conflict or military occupation are also protected by <a href="http://www.icrc.org/ihl.nsf/0/e160550475c4b133c12563cd0051aa66?OpenDocument">common article 3 to the Geneva Conventions</a>. Article 3 prohibits “[v]iolence to life and person, in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture; …outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment.”</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">Even persons who are not entitled to the protections of the 1949 Geneva Conventions (such as some detainees from third countries) are protected by the “fundamental guarantees” of article 75 of <a href="http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/93.htm">Protocol I of 1977 to the Geneva Conventions</a>. The United States has long considered article 75 to be part of customary international law (a widely supported state practice accepted as law). Article 75 prohibits murder, “torture of all kinds, whether physical or mental,” “corporal punishment,” and “outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment, … and any form of indecent assault.”</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left"><b>II. Human Rights Law</b></p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">Torture and other mistreatment of persons in custody are also prohibited in all circumstances under international human rights law, which applies in both peacetime and wartime. Among the relevant treaties are the <a href="http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/a_ccpr.htm">International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights</a> (arts. 7 &amp; 10) and the <a href="http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/h_cat39.htm">Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment</a> (Convention against Torture), both of which the United States has ratified. The standard definition of torture can be found in article 1 of the Convention against Torture.</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">In its <a href="http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/usdocs/tortres.html">reservations to the Convention against Torture</a>, the United States claims to be bound by the obligation to prevent “cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment” only insofar as the term means the cruel, unusual and inhumane treatment or punishment prohibited by the Fifth, Eighth, and Fourteenth Amendments to the <a href="http://www.house.gov/Constitution/Constitution.html">U.S. Constitution</a>. Furthermore, U.S. reservations say that mental pain or suffering only refers to prolonged mental harm from: (1) the intentional infliction or threatened infliction of severe physical pain or suffering; (2) the use or threat of mind altering substances; (3) the threat of imminent death; or (4) that another person will imminently be subjected to the above mistreatment.</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">Prohibitions on torture and other ill-treatment are also found in other international documents, such as the <a href="http://www.un.org/Overview/rights.html">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a>, the <a href="http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/g3bpppdi.htm">U.N. Body of Principles for the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment</a>, and the <a href="http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/h_comp34.htm">U.N. Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners</a>.</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">Additionally, the prohibition on torture is considered a fundamental principle of customary international law that is binding on all states (what is known as a “peremptory norm” of international law because it preempts all other customary laws). All states are bound to respect the prohibition on torture and ill-treatment whether or not they are parties to treaties which expressly contain the prohibition. They are also obliged to prevent and to punish acts of torture, even if they are not parties to treaties that expressly require them to do so.</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">The widespread or systematic practice of torture constitutes a crime against humanity. (See, e.g., art. 5 of the <a href="http://www.un.org/law/icc/statute/romefra.htm">Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court</a>)</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left"><b>III. U.S. Law</b></p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">The United States has incorporated international prohibitions against torture and mistreatment of persons in custody into its domestic law. The United States has reported to the Committee Against Torture that: “Every act of torture within the meaning of the Convention is illegal under existing federal and state law, and any individual who commits such an act is subject to penal sanctions as specified in criminal statutes. Such prosecutions do in fact occur in appropriate circumstances. Torture cannot be justified by exceptional circumstances, nor can it be excused on the basis of an order from a superior officer. “</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">Military personnel who mistreat prisoners can be prosecuted by a court-martial under various provisions of the <a href="http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/10/stApIIch47.html">Uniform Code of Military Justice</a> (UCMJ, arts. 77-134).</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left"><a href="http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/18/2441.html">The War Crimes Act of 1996</a> (18 U.S.C. § 2441) makes it a criminal offense for U.S. military personnel and U.S. nationals to commit war crimes as specified in the 1949 Geneva Conventions. War crimes under the act include grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions. It also includes violations of common Article 3 to the Geneva Conventions, which prohibits “violence to life and person, in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture; …outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment.</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left"><a href="http://www.capdefnet.org/fdprc/contents/fed_cap_off/18_usc_2340A.htm">A federal anti-torture statute</a> (18 U.S.C. § 2340A), enacted in 1994, provides for the prosecution of a U.S. national or anyone present in the United States who, while outside the U.S., commits or attempts to commit torture. Torture is defined as an “act committed by a person acting under the color of law specifically intended to inflict severe physical or mental pain or suffering (other than pain or suffering incidental to lawful sanctions) upon another person within his custody or physical control.” A person found guilty under the act can be incarcerated for up to 20 years or receive the death penalty if the torture results in the victim’s death.</p>
<div align="left"></div>
<p align="left">Military contractors working for the Department of Defense might also be prosecuted under the <a href="http://www.pubklaw.com/hi/pl106-523.pdf">Military Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Act of 2000</a> (Public Law 106-778), known as MEJA. MEJA permits the prosecution in federal court of U.S. civilians who, while employed by or accompanying U.S. forces abroad, commit certain crimes. Generally, the crimes covered are any federal criminal offense punishable by imprisonment for more than one year. The MEJA remains untested because the Defense Department has yet to issue necessary implementing regulations required by the law.</p>
<img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/categories/fazam.wordpress.com/26/" /> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/tags/fazam.wordpress.com/26/" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/fazam.wordpress.com/26/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/fazam.wordpress.com/26/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/fazam.wordpress.com/26/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/fazam.wordpress.com/26/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/fazam.wordpress.com/26/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/fazam.wordpress.com/26/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/fazam.wordpress.com/26/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/fazam.wordpress.com/26/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/fazam.wordpress.com/26/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/fazam.wordpress.com/26/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=fazam.wordpress.com&blog=1246604&post=26&subd=fazam&ref=&feed=1" /></div>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2008/01/24/human-rights/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
	
		<media:content url="http://a.wordpress.com/avatar/fazam-128.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Lemon</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>iptables tutorial - Real Time</title>
		<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/11/22/25/</link>
		<comments>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/11/22/25/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Nov 2007 19:25:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Engr. F. Azam</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[IP-TABLES]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/11/22/25/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I have been working for a long time on Network Security; Specially on Linux Based Firewall.
Here I disclose the IPTABLES so that I can contribute a little bit to the knowledge Sharing World , i.e WORDPRESS ! IP-TABLES
       ]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p>I have been working for a long time on Network Security; Specially on Linux Based Firewall.</p>
<p>Here I disclose the IPTABLES so that I can contribute a little bit to the knowledge Sharing World , i.e WORDPRESS ! <a href="http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/11/22/25/ip-tables/" rel="attachment wp-att-24" title="IP-TABLES">IP-TABLES</a></p>
<img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/categories/fazam.wordpress.com/25/" /> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/tags/fazam.wordpress.com/25/" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/fazam.wordpress.com/25/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/fazam.wordpress.com/25/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/fazam.wordpress.com/25/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/fazam.wordpress.com/25/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/fazam.wordpress.com/25/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/fazam.wordpress.com/25/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/fazam.wordpress.com/25/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/fazam.wordpress.com/25/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/fazam.wordpress.com/25/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/fazam.wordpress.com/25/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=fazam.wordpress.com&blog=1246604&post=25&subd=fazam&ref=&feed=1" /></div>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/11/22/25/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
	
		<media:content url="http://a.wordpress.com/avatar/fazam-128.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Lemon</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>SEO Basics</title>
		<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/seo-basics/</link>
		<comments>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/seo-basics/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Sep 2007 06:41:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Engr. F. Azam</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[SEO Tips]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/seo-basics/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ Maggie knows how to find what she wants. She lets her fingers do the walking - not in the Yellow Pages, but at Google.com. She wants to learn about bread baking, and you have just written Bread Baking Made Simple, and you sell some great baking tools. The good news is the Google and [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p> Maggie knows how to find what she wants. She lets her fingers do the walking - not in the Yellow Pages, but at Google.com. She wants to learn about bread baking, and you have just written <em>Bread Baking Made Simple</em>, and you sell some great baking tools. The good news is the Google and other search engines exist for one simple reason: to help Maggie find your website.</p>
<p>Google will show Maggie 534,000 resources on &#8220;bread baking&#8221;. Unless she fails to find what she wants on the first page, or top 10 results, she will never find your website listed 124th in the results. (Actually, if she does not find what she wants in the top twenty or thirty results, she is likely to refine her search to &#8220;easy bread baking&#8221; or &#8220;home bread baking&#8221;).</p>
<p>How do you get into the top 10 results so Maggie can find your website? You might have heard a lot about &#8220;search engine optimization&#8221; and &#8220;ranking analysis&#8221; and &#8220;algorithms&#8221;. It all sounds very complex, but it really works on a simple 1 - 2 - 3 principle.</p>
<ol>
<li>A search engine will show Maggie only resources (websites) it has on record. So make sure to submit your site to the key search engines and directories. You do not need to hire somebody who will charge you big dollars to do this. Nor should you fall for any of the auto-submit software or services. This should be done by hand, and anybody can do it. You can do it yourself.</li>
<li>The search engine will rank highest those websites it feels are most &#8220;important&#8221;. This means you have to show that your website is most important. There are a few simple things you can do. First, make sure you have content. Text content equals importance on the Internet. Links, both coming in and going out, are key. Connectivity equals importance on the Internet. Get listed in the major directories (DMOZ.com, Yahoo.com, Zeal.com, JoeAnt.com, etc.), as this also is a measure of importance.</li>
<li>The search engine will show Maggie the most &#8220;relevant&#8221; high-ranking resources. Google might rank http://TheHappyGuy.com relatively very high, but it is totally irrelevant to a search for bread baking. How does a search engine know which websites are most relevant for Maggie&#8217;s search? By the number of times &#8220;bread baking&#8221; shows up in text on your web page. By the variety of ways it shows up on your page. By number web pages you link to and that link to you with the words &#8220;bread baking&#8221; included.</li>
</ol>
<p>Are you ready to roll? Possibly. Some of this you can easily do yourself. But there are three places that are worth spending money to help all the Maggies out there find your website and your book. The first is choosing the right keywords. It might look simple, but &#8220;bread baking&#8221; might not even be the best keyword phrase to focus on. It might be &#8220;easy bread baking&#8221; or &#8220;home bread baking&#8221;. The most searched terms might not be the best, nor the term with the least competition.</p>
<p>The second is to prepare a link strategy. The &#8220;link exchange&#8221; pages that are getting more popular each day are also becoming less effective each day. Here are just a few of the linking factors that will affect whether Maggie discovers your book:</p>
<ul>
<li>The total number of incoming and outgoing links</li>
<li>The importance of the sites you link to and from</li>
<li>The relevancy of the sites you link to and from</li>
<li>Which pages on their sites and on yours are being linked</li>
<li>What you include in the incoming and outgoing links</li>
<li>Where on the page the links are placed</li>
<li>How many links are on those pages</li>
<li>How many pages are linked to or have outgoing links</li>
<li>The ratio of links to content on the pages involved</li>
</ul>
<p>You can implement the strategy yourself, but it is worth hiring somebody to put it together for you. Ask the person what factors she would consider when building a strategy for you. If she does not mention several of the above, your money is better spent elsewhere.The third place to invest is to have somebody knowledgeable review your html code. Chances are that you have missed numerous opportunities to let the search engines know your website is relevant, and possibly some opportunities to show it is important.</p>
<img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/categories/fazam.wordpress.com/23/" /> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/tags/fazam.wordpress.com/23/" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/fazam.wordpress.com/23/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/fazam.wordpress.com/23/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/fazam.wordpress.com/23/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/fazam.wordpress.com/23/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/fazam.wordpress.com/23/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/fazam.wordpress.com/23/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/fazam.wordpress.com/23/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/fazam.wordpress.com/23/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/fazam.wordpress.com/23/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/fazam.wordpress.com/23/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=fazam.wordpress.com&blog=1246604&post=23&subd=fazam&ref=&feed=1" /></div>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/seo-basics/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
	
		<media:content url="http://a.wordpress.com/avatar/fazam-128.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Lemon</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Beginner SEO</title>
		<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/beginner-seo/</link>
		<comments>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/beginner-seo/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Sep 2007 05:58:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Engr. F. Azam</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[SEO Tips]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/beginner-seo/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ There is so much talk out there about what the ‘perfect’ web page looks like.  In this article we give you tips on what we consider perfectly optimized as well as tips on helping turn the page into a great conversion tool.
Step one – Know who you are targeting
As with any marketing campaign [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p> There is so much talk out there about what the ‘perfect’ web page looks like.  In this article we give you tips on what we consider perfectly optimized as well as tips on helping turn the page into a great conversion tool.</p>
<p><strong>Step one – Know who you are targeting</strong><br />
As with any marketing campaign the first step in optimizing ANY web page is to know your target audience.  Is your site B2B (business to business) or B2C (business to consumer).  This is important because this not only affects the tone of your site, but also the keywords you chose.</p>
<p>It is imperative that you nail who your target is before you do anything else because if you don’t it doesn’t matter how big your site is, or how many pages you have.  If you don’t write to the right crowd you aren’t going to get too much business.</p>
<p>The best thing is to write down who you think the target is.  Be as detailed as possible.  For example, your target may be a 30-45 year old female, in middle management, who drives a mini-van and takes her 3 kids to school before she goes to work.  She makes $45,000 per year and has a bachelors degree in finance.  This is the type of detail you need.  You should be able to picture this person in your mind.  Not just the abstract idea of her, but a physical look as well.  the better you can picture them in your mind the more successful you will be.</p>
<p>Once you know who you target is the next step is choosing keywords.</p>
<p><strong>Step two – Choosing the right keywords</strong></p>
<p>This may be the most difficult part of your journey, especially if you don’t fit the target profile.  That is, picking the keywords they will use to find your site.</p>
<p>You can start by using free tools like <a href="http://inventory.overture.com/d/searchinventory/suggestion/" target="_blank">Yahoo!s keyword suggestion tool</a>.  It gives you a good place to start picking keywords.</p>
<p>Start with a phrase you know your site is about (i.e. if you sell widgets, then simply put “widgets” in the search box).  The tool will then not only spit out other related words, but also the search volumes associated with each for the previous month.</p>
<p>A word of caution however:  Sometimes, depending on when you use the tool, the search volumes are from a couple months ago. So if your product is seasonal based, the numbers may actually be lower or higher than represented.</p>
<p>Don’t be afraid to get a few hundred words to start.  Remember, right now you are just gathering ideas – phrases that <em>could</em> drive traffic to your site.  They aren’t all necessarily being used by your target customer.</p>
<p>You can also go to <a href="https://adwords.google.com/select/" target="_blank">Google’s Adwords site</a> and perform the above steps.  Start with a phrase or two which describe your site or product and use Google’s suggestion tool to help expand your list.</p>
<p>At this point you want as many phrases on your list as possible.  Don’t worry, you will cull the list pretty quickly.</p>
<p>Once you have a huge list of words, the next place to go is a site like <a href="http://www.wordtracker.com/" target="_blank">Wordtracker</a>, which has a keyword analysis tool.  This tool can be used for a one time fee, or if it’s something you might want to return to you can purchase a subscription.  It is a fairly simple tool to use and will give you a good idea of just how likely your site will be able to compete for a phrase.</p>
<p>A warning about Wordtracker:  The software uses search volumes from some fairly minor sites such as Dogpile, so the estimates could be a little skewed.  But again, unless you deal with an SEO firm that has their own proprietary software, this is about your best alternative.</p>
<p>Also remember as you are culling your words, don’t just focus on the competitive factors. These won’t account for your target audience.  Therefore you need to have that picture in your mind of the target as you are selecting phrases that they might use.  If you are unsure, you could always as for help from friends and family that fit the target profile.</p>
<p>A good rule of thumb would be to chose about one phrase per page.  That doesn’t mean that you will only have one page per phrase, but it gives you a good target.  So if your site is 300 pages, consider having a list of 300 phrases.</p>
<p><strong>Step 3 – Write your pages</strong></p>
<p>Now that you have your keywords its time to write, or re-write, your content to make them more appealing to the target audience, inserting the key phrases you’ve selected whenever possible.</p>
<p>Keep in mind that you don’t want to over do it.  Also now is a good time to ensure you have proper keyword density’s and page length.</p>
<p>I recommend pages that are 400-500 words long.  If they are a little longer or shorter that is fine, however if they are approaching 1000 words or more you should split them up, trying to hit that 400-500 word limit.</p>
<p>On this 400-500 word page you should have 2 or 3 occurrences of a key phrase, and you want to limit the key phrases used to 2 or 3.  In other words you could have between 4 and 9 occurrences of all your key phrases per page.  This should provide you with optimal keyword density.</p>
<p>Above all, make sure the pages are readable.  Don’t optimize for optimization’s sake.  If only one key phrase applies to the page, then only use one.</p>
<p><strong>Step 4 – Optimize your Pages</strong></p>
<p>This can be done in conjunction with the writing.  In fact it should be done at then to save time.  I purposely made this a separate step so that I could outline the finer points of optimization.</p>
<p>Provided that you are following the guidelines found in step 3, your pages should already have good keyword density, now is the time to improve that optimization by adding optimized meta tags and if appropriate, some image alt tags.</p>
<p>First is to write the meta description tag.  While many engines will index thousands of characters in your description, I recommend no more than a couple hundred characters.  That is about how long this paragraph is.</p>
<p>The meta description should be a readable sentence or two with the same keywords that you wrote the page for.  In other words, the same phrases should appear in the meta description as the body.  They should also appear as near to the front of the tag as possible however don’t sacrifice readability for this.  If the tag doesn’t make sense with them at the front, then reorganize until they do make sense.  Be sure to use proper punctuation as well.</p>
<p>Also preferred but not mandatory is a meta keywords tag.  While none of the major engines use this tag, other smaller ones, and some specialty engines do use the meta keywords tag.  If your target uses one of these engines then it makes sense to have that tag in place.</p>
<p>Also, with the keywords tag there is a lot of debate over using commas or not.  Personally I do not use commas.  I just combine the phrases and remove duplicate words.  For example, if the page is about blue widgets, yellow widgets and red widgets then the keywords tag could be: “blue yellow red widgets.”</p>
<p>Common sense should be used when deciding if you will use image alt tags as well.  <em>If</em> your keywords match the image <em>and</em> you can make a compelling image description, then do it.  Otherwise don’t.</p>
<p><strong>Step 5 – Write a compelling title tag</strong></p>
<p>I purposely left this as a separate step from meta tags because this is the most important part of your optimization program.  Again, it can be done at the same time as the previous two steps, but it’s importance can not be over-emphasized.</p>
<p>This is because the title tag is the tag which is displayed in the SERP (Search Engine Results Page).  It is the link that people click on, and also the tag which is generally read by the visitor before they decide to visit.</p>
<p>Therefore, if your title tag isn’t compelling, it doesn’t matter how well optimized your page is, it may not get that click.</p>
<p>For this step, you need to look at your competition to determine what they are doing.  Perform a search to see what is compelling about their listing? Is there one that stands out?  If so what are they doing?  For example, if on every other site the keyword is the first phrase on the title, then consider moving your keyword in to the second or third phrase.</p>
<p>This is because, as you will notice, engines like Google bold the search term in the title and snippets or description.  One way to make your title stand out is to have the term in a different position than the competition.  That way the bolding stands out like this:</p>
<p><strong>key phrase</strong> in title tag<br />
<strong>key phrase</strong>  in title tag<br />
title tag with <strong>key phrase</strong><br />
<strong>key phrase</strong>  in title tag</p>
<p>Notice how the third one stands out from the rest?</p>
<p>I can not emphasize enough how important that title tag is.  As I said, it is the “hook” to get visitors to your site.  If the title is ineffective, then it won’t get clicked which means you don’t get the opportunity to woo that client.</p>
<p><strong>Summary</strong></p>
<p>As you can see, optimizing a page has less to do with optimal keyword density and more to do with knowing who it is that will be using that page.</p>
<p>If you don’t know who your target audience is you will never be able to <strong>properly</strong> optimize your pages.  Sure you can optimize it for whatever keywords you choose, but if they aren’t the words that your customer will search for, what’s the point?</p>
<p>In the end, the more you know who your customer is, the better you will be in all your online ventures, from introduction of your product or service, to closing the sale.  It is up to <em>you</em> to cater to <em>them</em>, and not force them into a more generic mold.  This is because todays web searchers are much more savvy and willing to browse more if a site doesn’t appeal to them.</p>
<img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/categories/fazam.wordpress.com/22/" /> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/tags/fazam.wordpress.com/22/" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/fazam.wordpress.com/22/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/fazam.wordpress.com/22/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/fazam.wordpress.com/22/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/fazam.wordpress.com/22/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/fazam.wordpress.com/22/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/fazam.wordpress.com/22/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/fazam.wordpress.com/22/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/fazam.wordpress.com/22/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/fazam.wordpress.com/22/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/fazam.wordpress.com/22/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=fazam.wordpress.com&blog=1246604&post=22&subd=fazam&ref=&feed=1" /></div>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/beginner-seo/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
	
		<media:content url="http://a.wordpress.com/avatar/fazam-128.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Lemon</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>24 On-site SEO Checkups</title>
		<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/24-on-site-seo-checkups/</link>
		<comments>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/24-on-site-seo-checkups/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Sep 2007 05:53:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Engr. F. Azam</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[SEO Tips]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/24-on-site-seo-checkups/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Although this will seem, to many of you, a very generic list of SEO on-site tips, you may be surprised to see how many SEO consultants and web developers overlook or forget these basic steps when launching a new site. These twenty- four On-site search engine optimisation checkups/tips can assure that any link building / [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p>Although this will seem, to many of you, a very generic list of SEO on-site tips, you may be surprised to see how many SEO consultants and web developers overlook or forget these basic steps when launching a new site. These twenty- four On-site search engine optimisation checkups/tips can assure that any link building / link baiting efforts that will be made will give great results.</p>
<p>1. Run a $100 <a href="http://adwords.google.com/select/Login" rel="nofollow">Adwords test campaign</a> after your initial keyword research, helping you do the best themed/relevant keywords on-site optimisation.</p>
<p>2. Ensure there is a well written, non-duplicated <a href="http://www.seomoz.org/blog/title-tag-showdown" rel="nofollow">attractive Title / Description tags</a> on every page.</p>
<p>3. Verify that almost every single piece of relevant content on your site is somehow static to the page it was written for and is not a text image (double check that with a <a href="http://lynx.isc.org/" rel="nofollow">text browser</a>).</p>
<p>4. Revise the On-page content to be sure there is a minimum presence of your themed keywords on every page. Don&#8217;t try to go overboard, just think as if you&#8217;d be the user.</p>
<p>5. Double check your code to make sure you&#8217;ve got your content titles and subtitles under H1 / H2 tags.</p>
<p>6. Verify that the any navigational element are text links and are not &#8220;click here&#8221; or &#8220;more info&#8221; type of links.</p>
<p>7. Make sure contextual links are widely spread and commonly used all across the website content to emphasize key pages.</p>
<p>8. If you plan on <a href="http://www.textlinkbrokers.com/" rel="nofollow">trading links</a>, make sure there is small directory with themed categories, or at least get a &#8220;links/resources&#8221; page.</p>
<p>9. Verify that your <a href="http://www.seomoz.org/robots.txt" rel="nofollow">robots.txt</a>  file exists and that you added the folders you want to prevent access from.</p>
<p>10. Be sure there is a <a href="http://www.go-referencement.org/sitemap.xml" rel="nofollow">sitemap.xml</a> at the root of your site.</p>
<p>11. Make sure there is a <a href="http://www.washington.edu/webguides/guidelines/breadcrumbs.html" rel="nofollow">breadcrumb </a>to help the cross-linking of your site.</p>
<p>12. Verify that the <a href="http://www.hi-mobile.net/Hi-mobile-Sitemap.php" rel="nofollow">static sitemap</a> is easily reachable by your visitors.</p>
<p>13. Ensure that your <a href="http://www.apple.com/asdasdsa" rel="nofollow">404 page</a> contains links to your main categories and maybe a search box.</p>
<p>14. Check that important images are labeled properly with the alt tag (this should be automated somehow).</p>
<p>15. Make sure you installed generic analytics to ensure any kind of tracking (<a href="http://www.google.com/analytics/" rel="nofollow">Google Analytics</a>, <a href="http://www.indextools.com/" rel="nofollow">Indextools</a>).</p>
<p>16. Make sure that conversion/defined action tracking analytics are installed (<a href="http://www.clickdensity.com/" rel="nofollow">Heatmap tracking</a>, conversion trackers from PPC platforms, Indextools action trackers, etc).</p>
<p>17. Register / validate your site through <a href="http://www.google.com/webmasters/" rel="nofollow">Google Webmaster central</a> to be able to analyze incoming links and validate a few things (like your robots.txt file).</p>
<p>18. Do a quick <a href="http://www.seomoz.org/ip2loc" rel="nofollow">IP location</a> test to make sure you&#8217;re hosted near your main market.</p>
<p>19. Unless otherwise advised, get your company&#8217;s signature at the bottom of the pages you create for clients, using one of your best keyword as anchor text. This is vital. You shouldn&#8217;t be worried about promoting your services, especially if your clients are highly satisfied with your work!</p>
<p>20. Use all SEOmoz tools (I&#8217;m a bit biased here): <a href="http://www.seomoz.org/page-strength" rel="nofollow">Page Strength</a> and <a href="http://www.seomoz.org/keyword-difficulty" rel="nofollow">Keyword Difficulty</a> to measure the efforts required to achieve high SERPs (by comparing your actual site with the top competitors website), and the <a href="http://www.seomoz.org/crawl-test" rel="nofollow">Crawl test</a> to ensure your website will get properly indexed.</p>
<p>21. Get your website <a href="http://www.validator.ca/" rel="nofollow">xhtml/w3c validated</a> to cover the major issues you might not have thought of</p>
<p>And a few extras, if you&#8217;re running a blog platform</p>
<p>22. Ping the major content aggregators (Google Blog Search, My Yahoo, Wikio, etc.)</p>
<p>23. Include links to major social platforms (digg, del.icio.us, blogmarks, technorati tags, etc.)</p>
<p>24. Use Feedburner to get stats and a universal RSS feed</p>
<p>With this basic checklist, any web development company that is building and marketing websites will give its customers a fairly good chance of achieving high SERPs while generating several leads with referrals and good SERPs for themselves. <strong>The extra time it takes to do this justifies the reward you get</strong>. As an example, our company currently employs 17 people: I can say that half of the business we&#8217;ve generated has been solely because we insist that our customers implement at least these basics steps before launching a site. And, let me tell you, nobody is unhappy with the traffic, and nearly all of them don’t mind that our signature&#8217;s there!</p>
<p align="center"><strong><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Trebuchet MS';">My special thanks to </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Trebuchet MS';color:red;">Sarah Benmaza</span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Trebuchet MS';color:black;"> &amp;</span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Trebuchet MS';"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Trebuchet MS';"><a href="http://go-referencement.org/" target="_blank">go-referencement.org</a></span></strong></p>
<img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/categories/fazam.wordpress.com/21/" /> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/tags/fazam.wordpress.com/21/" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/fazam.wordpress.com/21/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/fazam.wordpress.com/21/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/fazam.wordpress.com/21/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/fazam.wordpress.com/21/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/fazam.wordpress.com/21/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/fazam.wordpress.com/21/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/fazam.wordpress.com/21/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/fazam.wordpress.com/21/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/fazam.wordpress.com/21/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/fazam.wordpress.com/21/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=fazam.wordpress.com&blog=1246604&post=21&subd=fazam&ref=&feed=1" /></div>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/24-on-site-seo-checkups/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
	
		<media:content url="http://a.wordpress.com/avatar/fazam-128.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Lemon</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>To do Disk Mirrorring With Software Raid In Debian</title>
		<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/03/to-do-disk-mirrorring-with-software-raid-in-debian/</link>
		<comments>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/03/to-do-disk-mirrorring-with-software-raid-in-debian/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Sep 2007 07:30:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Engr. F. Azam</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Disk Mirrorring]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Linux Server]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/03/to-do-disk-mirrorring-with-software-raid-in-debian/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[To do Disk Mirrorring With Software Raid In Debian follow the following
steps
1. Normal boot at start up with the boot disk
2. Manual Network configuration
3. Create the  Partition as follows
We use 41 GB &#62; 40 GB as /
1 GB as swap
In first HDD&#62;&#62; ***follow the partition sequence strictly
/ as RAID and Add boot able flag with [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p>To do Disk Mirrorring With Software Raid In Debian follow the following<br />
steps</p>
<p>1. Normal boot at start up with the boot disk<br />
2. Manual Network configuration<br />
3. Create the  Partition as follows<br />
We use 41 GB &gt; 40 GB as /<br />
1 GB as swap<br />
In first HDD&gt;&gt; ***follow the partition sequence strictly</p>
<p>/ as RAID and Add boot able flag with this partition (most important)<br />
Rest of it swap format it as swap</p>
<p>In Second HDD&gt;&gt; ***follow the partition sequence strictly<br />
As same as the first one and mantain the partition sequence</p>
<p>4. Configure Software RAID &gt; give it &#8216;yes&#8217;<br />
5. Then Create MD Device<br />
6. select RAID 1<br />
7. number of active device for the RAID1 array: give here the value 2<br />
8. Number of spare devices for the RAID1 array: give here the value 0</p>
<p>9. Now select the active RAID devices to create array &gt;<br />
Select the two partition with * and then &gt;continue&gt;finish</p>
<p>10. Now it shows up a new RAID1 device with 40 GB space along with the<br />
two HDD as IDE1 and IDE2<br />
&gt; Format it with ext3 file system and mount as / (The RAID1 device not<br />
the others leave others untouchable)</p>
<p>11 . After completion &gt; Finish partitioning and write changes to disk<br />
12 . Write changes to disk &gt; Yes<br />
13 . Load GRUB on MBR &gt; Yes<br />
14. Now complete as usual</p>
<p>After the completion the installation login as root user and then follow<br />
the procedures &gt;</p>
<p>1 .run the command</p>
<p>#cat /proc/mdstat</p>
<p>it will show the syncing process of two devices.run this periodically to<br />
see when the process finish. before finishing don&#8217;t reboot or shutdown<br />
the pc that will cause errors.</p>
<p>After finishing the process run these commands<br />
#grub<br />
#root (hd1,0)<br />
#setup (hd1)<br />
#quit</p>
<p>it will setup the GRUB boot image on second HDD<br />
Now Reboot the PC.</p>
<p>After rebooting do some changes with files and packages then shutdown<br />
the PC.<br />
Now for testing Boot up the PC with unplugging the master HDD<br />
If the PC reboot and run normally and all previously made changes will<br />
remain up to date then all is ok</p>
<p>Now this is the time to Bring the first HDD up</p>
<p>1. Reboot the system with Plug in the Primary HDD.</p>
<p>2. Now erase all partitions on primary harddisk drive and do partition<br />
again  40 GB as /  &amp; 1 GB as swap, make / Bootable<br />
You can make this by using fdisk or cfdisk utilities.</p>
<p>3 .Now Run these commands to add this device as mirror<br />
#mdadm /dev/md0 -f /dev/hda1<br />
#mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/hda1<br />
#cat /proc/mdstat         to see the syncing process. Run it<br />
periodically to see the progress before it will finish do nothing.<br />
After completion of the syncing process  do as follows</p>
<p>1. Edit /boot/grub/menu.lst (Only the Red line)</p>
<p>title           Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.4.27-2-386 &gt;Boot from HDD1<br />
root            (hd0,0)<br />
kernel          /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.27-2-386 root=/dev/md0 ro<br />
initrd          /boot/initrd.img-2.4.27-2-386<br />
savedefault<br />
boot</p>
<p>2. Add following lines at /boot/grub/menu.lst  under the previous<br />
step(This time you will add all lines as follows)</p>
<p>title           Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.4.27-2-386 &gt;Boot from HDD2<br />
root            (hd1,0)<br />
kernel          /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.27-2-386 root=/dev/md0 ro<br />
initrd          /boot/initrd.img-2.4.27-2-386<br />
savedefault<br />
boot</p>
<p>3. After saving these things run following commands<br />
#grub<br />
#root (hd0,0)<br />
#setup (hd0)<br />
#quit</p>
<p>4. Now Reboot the PC to see the new GRUB menu with Boot option from both<br />
HDD, try to boot from both HDD individually and see that they will<br />
updating the data on both disks .if boot from both HDD and updates all<br />
then all will fine.</p>
<img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/categories/fazam.wordpress.com/20/" /> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/tags/fazam.wordpress.com/20/" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/fazam.wordpress.com/20/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/fazam.wordpress.com/20/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/fazam.wordpress.com/20/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/fazam.wordpress.com/20/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/fazam.wordpress.com/20/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/fazam.wordpress.com/20/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/fazam.wordpress.com/20/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/fazam.wordpress.com/20/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/fazam.wordpress.com/20/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/fazam.wordpress.com/20/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=fazam.wordpress.com&blog=1246604&post=20&subd=fazam&ref=&feed=1" /></div>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/09/03/to-do-disk-mirrorring-with-software-raid-in-debian/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
	
		<media:content url="http://a.wordpress.com/avatar/fazam-128.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Lemon</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Time Based Internet</title>
		<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/26/time-based-internet/</link>
		<comments>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/26/time-based-internet/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 26 Aug 2007 10:56:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Engr. F. Azam</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Linux Server]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/26/time-based-internet/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[To configure a time based broadband internet service you may add these following few lines inside the squid.conf file:
#Add this to the bottom of the ACL section of squid.conf
#Recommended minimum configuration: ( Under this line )
acl user01 src 192.168.4.1
acl user02 src 192.168.4.2
acl user03 src 192.168.4.3
###Time Mention#####
acl m_t time S M T W H A 13:00-15:00
acl [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p>To configure a time based broadband internet service you may add these following few lines inside the squid.conf file:</p>
<p>#Add this to the bottom of the ACL section of squid.conf<br />
#Recommended minimum configuration: ( <strong>Under this line</strong> )</p>
<p>acl user01 src 192.168.4.1<br />
acl user02 src 192.168.4.2<br />
acl user03 src 192.168.4.3</p>
<p>###Time Mention#####<br />
acl m_t time S M T W H A 13:00-15:00<br />
acl l_t time S M T W H A 18:00-22:58<br />
acl all_t time  S M T W H F A 00:10-24:00</p>
<p># And finally deny all other access to this proxy (<strong>Under this line</strong>)</p>
<p>http_access allow user01 all_t<br />
http_access allow user02 l_t<br />
http_access allow user03 m_t</p>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;Brief Discussion&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</p>
<p>Access Control List defines user one as &#8216;user01&#8242; with IP address: 192.168.4.1</p>
<p>Categories time by key word &#8216;m_t&#8217; ; &#8216;l_t&#8217;  and &#8216;all_t&#8217;</p>
<p>S M T W H F A stands for 7 days , like S = Sun Day, M = Mon Day etc.</p>
<p>At the last stage, http access by the name key &amp; time key.</p>
<p>Lets try it ! Should you have any question regarding this , email me.</p>
<img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/categories/fazam.wordpress.com/19/" /> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/tags/fazam.wordpress.com/19/" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/fazam.wordpress.com/19/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/fazam.wordpress.com/19/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/fazam.wordpress.com/19/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/fazam.wordpress.com/19/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/fazam.wordpress.com/19/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/fazam.wordpress.com/19/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/fazam.wordpress.com/19/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/fazam.wordpress.com/19/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/fazam.wordpress.com/19/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/fazam.wordpress.com/19/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=fazam.wordpress.com&blog=1246604&post=19&subd=fazam&ref=&feed=1" /></div>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/26/time-based-internet/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
	
		<media:content url="http://a.wordpress.com/avatar/fazam-128.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Lemon</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Cache Date &#124;&#124; New Google PageRank &#124;&#124;</title>
		<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/12/cache-date-new-google-pagerank/</link>
		<comments>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/12/cache-date-new-google-pagerank/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 12 Aug 2007 10:25:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Engr. F. Azam</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[SEO Tips]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[SEO Tools]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/12/cache-date-new-google-pagerank/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Aaron Wall has a great post over on SEOBook about the Cache Date  of your site being a better indication of trust than PageRank.Have you checked the cache date of a page or your site? Jim Boykin has a free tool to check the cache date easily. It will also show how recently other [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p><a href="http://www.seobook.com/archives/001985.shtml">Aaron Wall</a> has a great post over on SEOBook about the Cache Date  of your site being a better indication of trust than PageRank.Have you checked the cache date of a page or your site? Jim Boykin has <a href="http://www.webuildpages.com/cool-cache/">a free tool to check the cache date</a> easily. It will also show how recently other pages linked to from that page have been cached.</p>
<p>As Aaron explains, cache date can be a much better indication of importance than looking at the raw PageRank score. And it makes sense. To quote Aaron, “What Google frequently visits (and spends significant resources to keep updated) is what they consider important.” If you add new pages or updated content to your site and see them in the cache index right away that is a good sign.</p>
<blockquote><p>This is especially important consideration if you are in a news related field, as sites that are quickly indexed rank for the new ideas while they are spreading, and enjoy many self reinforcing links due to automated content and the laziness of journalists, bloggers, and other webmasters.</p></blockquote>
<img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/categories/fazam.wordpress.com/18/" /> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/tags/fazam.wordpress.com/18/" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/fazam.wordpress.com/18/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/fazam.wordpress.com/18/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/fazam.wordpress.com/18/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/fazam.wordpress.com/18/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/fazam.wordpress.com/18/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/fazam.wordpress.com/18/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/fazam.wordpress.com/18/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/fazam.wordpress.com/18/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/fazam.wordpress.com/18/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/fazam.wordpress.com/18/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=fazam.wordpress.com&blog=1246604&post=18&subd=fazam&ref=&feed=1" /></div>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/12/cache-date-new-google-pagerank/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
	
		<media:content url="http://a.wordpress.com/avatar/fazam-128.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Lemon</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>SEO for Firefox Updated</title>
		<link>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/12/seo-for-firefox-updated/</link>
		<comments>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/12/seo-for-firefox-updated/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 12 Aug 2007 10:18:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Engr. F. Azam</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[SEO Tips]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[SEO Tools]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/12/seo-for-firefox-updated/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[SEO for Firefox, a great tool that I use for SEO offered by Aaron Wall, has been recently updated. The new features are scraping Google cache dates, and allowing you to CSV export the data.
What are some cool ways to use SEO for Firefox?

Check out how old competing businesses are.
Evaluate the competitive nature of a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p class="post_entry"><img src="http://vernonkesner.com/media/articles/seo-for-firefox.jpg" alt="seo for firefox" class="img_right" /><a href="http://www.seobook.com/archives/001993.shtml">SEO for Firefox</a>, a great tool that I use for SEO offered by Aaron Wall, has been recently updated. The new features are scraping Google cache dates, and allowing you to CSV export the data.</p>
<blockquote><p>What are some cool ways to use SEO for Firefox?</p>
<ul>
<li>Check out how old competing businesses are.</li>
<li>Evaluate the competitive nature of a marketplace.</li>
<li>Research the backlinks to a competing business to see whch links are their most powerful.</li>
<li>Do a site level search on a site to see which pages are most frequently cached, and to check the general health of a site.</li>
</ul>
<p>What are your favorite ways to use SEO for Firefox? What other features would you like to see? Let Aaron know!</p></blockquote>
<img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/categories/fazam.wordpress.com/17/" /> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/tags/fazam.wordpress.com/17/" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/fazam.wordpress.com/17/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/fazam.wordpress.com/17/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/fazam.wordpress.com/17/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/fazam.wordpress.com/17/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/fazam.wordpress.com/17/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/fazam.wordpress.com/17/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/fazam.wordpress.com/17/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/fazam.wordpress.com/17/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/fazam.wordpress.com/17/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/fazam.wordpress.com/17/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=fazam.wordpress.com&blog=1246604&post=17&subd=fazam&ref=&feed=1" /></div>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://fazam.wordpress.com/2007/08/12/seo-for-firefox-updated/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
	
		<media:content url="http://a.wordpress.com/avatar/fazam-128.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Lemon</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://vernonkesner.com/media/articles/seo-for-firefox.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">seo for firefox</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
	</channel>
</rss>